Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Projects: Designs and Implementations present a collection of practical AI applications designed to address real-world challenges across multiple domains. This book highlights innovative projects that integrate artificial intelligence with technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, image processing and optimization algorithms. The book includes an AI-powered smart waste sorting system for efficient recycling, an IoT-based smart farming platform for monitoring and predicting environmental conditions, and an intelligent irrigation system implemented in a Malaysian durian orchard that significantly reduces water usage. The book also explores digital image forgery detection using deep learning, active learning techniques for underwater image classification and a CNN-based handwritten character recognition system. Additional chapters focus on mango leaf disease detection using Support Vector Machines and a nature-inspired optimization algorithm for improving software testing efficiency. Overall, the book demonstrates how AI-driven solutions can enhance sustainability, productivity and technological innovation in real-world applications.

This book examines labour market segregation and discrimination in Malaysia in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0), highlighting persistent inequalities shaped by ethnicity, gender, geography and skills. Drawing on theoretical, historical and policy perspectives, it explores how education, technology and legal frameworks influence access to quality employment and economic mobility. By analysing contemporary challenges and future opportunities, this book offers critical insights and policy recommendations towards building a more inclusive, equitable and productive Malaysian workforce.

The sky above our cities and landscapes is no longer just space. It is becoming the next frontier of mobility, logistics and economic growth. The Invisible Highway: Reshaping Transportation with Urban Air Mobility presents a vision for transforming low-altitude airspace into a structured, safe and productive domain that functions as an invisible highway. Moving beyond speculative concepts, this book integrates engineering innovation, airspace governance and national strategy to demonstrate how Urban Air Mobility can be realized in real-world applications. At the heart of this work is a practical and evidence-based approach to UAM development, grounded in the author’s pioneering research on Variable Arm Length (VAL) quadrotor technology and the establishment of a functional Airspace Sandbox. These initiatives illustrate how emerging aerial technologies can be tested, regulated and scaled responsibly while maintaining safety, sovereignty and public trust. This book argues that Urban Air Mobility is not solely about flying vehicles but about building an integrated ecosystem encompassing technology, regulation, infrastructure, talent development and societal acceptance. Through clearly defined implementation phases and real-world case studies, it provides a roadmap for nations seeking to unlock the economic and strategic value of low-altitude airspace. Written for policymakers, regulators, industry leaders, researchers and advanced students, The Invisible Highway serves as both a call to action and a practical guide for shaping the future of transportation. It challenges readers to rethink the sky not as a limit but as an opportunity to be designed, governed and navigated with vision and responsibility.

Conversion energy technology like converters and inverters is rapidly upgrading to properly harness one energy into another energy source. Solar, wind and biomass are the popular choices for converting energy sources into electrical output. This output usually can be produced by a multilevel inverter. Multilevel inverters are known for their reliability in producing high power ratings with low harmonic distortions by converting DC sources to AC output power. The inverter also can be cascaded to add more phase output power like the three-phase power. The demand for multiphase inverter systems is also increasing as higher-phase systems produce a more reliable and higher output voltage. Therefore, a five-phase multilevel inverter is introduced in this book. However, harmonic distortions still occur in the system causing many unwanted problems with the power output. The capabilities of the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm (IWOA) to reduce Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and eliminate selected lower-order harmonics are clearly shown and compared to Particle Swarm Optimization, Sine-Cosine Algorithm and Whale Optimization Algorithm. The IWOA successfully eliminated the selected lower-order harmonics and obtained the lowest THD outcome. Moreover, the outcome also showed that in RL load circuit simulation, IWOA could produce a good sinusoidal current output waveform. In conclusion, the proposed IWOA is expected to be advantageous in developing a practical high-performance five-phase cascaded multilevel inverter.

Dalam dunia yang dipacu oleh teknologi dan komunikasi pantas,kemahiran berucap dengan yakin dan berkesan menjadi satukeperluan penting, bukan lagi sekadar kelebihan. Buku inimembimbing pembaca memahami asas perucapan awam, daripada caramenyusun idea secara strategik hingga kepada teknik menyampaikan mesejdengan jelas, meyakinkan dan berimpak. Dengan pendekatan yangpraktikal, interaktif serta disokong elemen visual yang menarik, pembacabukan sahaja dapat meningkatkan keyakinan diri, malah mampu membina kredibiliti dan hubungan yang lebih baik dengan khalayak. Sesuai untuk pelajar dan bakal profesional, buku ini menjadi panduan yang relevan untuk membantu anda menyerlah dalam pelbagai situasi, sama ada di pentas fizikal mahupun dalam persekitaran digital.

Masihkah kaunseling dianggap hanya untuk individu yang “bermasalah serius”, lemah emosi atau tidak mampu mengurus kehidupan sendiri? Mengapa masih ramai yang takut, malu atau ragu-ragu untuk mendapatkan bantuan kaunselor walaupun berdepan tekanan yang semakin berat? Buku 111 Mitos dan Fakta dalam Kaunseling hadir sebagai sebuah karya pencerahan yang merungkai pelbagai salah faham dan kepercayaan tidak tepat tentang dunia kaunseling yang telah lama berakar umbi dalam masyarakat. Melalui pendekatan yang jelas, berperingkat dan berpaksikan amalan profesional, buku ini membetulkan persepsi berkaitan peranan kaunselor, proses kaunseling, klien yang terlibat, dinamika sesi serta keluasan isu yang boleh dibincangkan dalam kaunseling. Disusun dalam enam bab utama, buku ini menampilkan 111 mitos popular yang sering dipercayai daripada tanggapan bahawa kaunselor serba tahu, sesi kaunseling hanya memberi nasihat, hinggalah keanggapan bahawa hanya individu tertentu sahaja yang layak mendapatkan kaunseling. Setiap mitos dihuraikan bersama fakta sebenar yang bersandarkan pengalaman lapangan, prinsip etika dan kefahaman psikologi kontemporari. Ditulis dengan bahasa yang mudah difahami tetapi berautoriti, buku ini sesuai dibaca oleh kaunselor, pelajar bimbingan dan kaunseling, pendidik, ibu bapa serta masyarakat umum. Karya ini mengajak pembaca melihat kaunseling sebagai satu bentuk penjagaan kendiri, proses pemerkasaan diri dan langkah berani menuju kesejahteraan mental dan emosi. 111 Mitos dan Fakta dalam Kaunseling bukan sekadar membetulkan salah faham, tetapi membuka ruang empati, mengurangkan stigma dan menggalakkan masyarakat untuk mendapatkan bantuan tanpa rasa takut atau malu demi kehidupan yang lebih seimbang, sihat dan bermakna.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of Halal Wealth and Islamic finance, presenting a holistic approach to wealth creation, management and distribution grounded in the principles of Shariah. It begins by establishing wealth as a divine trust (Amanah), linking ethical financial conduct to the Maqasid al-Shariah (the protection of faith, life, intellect, lineage and property). Readers are introduced to the prohibitions of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty) and maysir gambling), alongside the moral imperative for fair trade, responsible spending and financial literacy. The book then delves into the structure and products of Islamic banking, highlighting Shariah-compliant financing models such as Murabahah, Musharakah, Mudarabah and Ijarah. It explores Takaful as an ethical alternative to insurance and presents ethical guidance on halal investments from Sukuk and Shariah-compliant equities to real estate and mutual funds. Finally, it addresses the role of Islamic finance in the modern economy, including fintech innovation, global integration and the revitalisation of social finance instruments like zakat and waqf. Combining traditional wisdom with contemporary applications, this work positions Islamic finance as a viable, inclusive and ethical alternative to conventional systems.

Awang Batil bukan sekadar persembahan hiburan biasa justeru merupakan sebuah “arkib hidup” yang merakam pemikiran, humor, falsafah dan kebijaksanaan masyarakat Melayu Perlis masa silam. Buku Awang Batil Tradisi Lisan Perlis: Menyulam Cerita, Memahat Warisan membawa pembaca menelusuri keunikan seni penceritaan lisan ini secara dekat melalui pengalaman pewaris generasi kelima dan terakhirnya, Romli Mahamud (Pak Romli). Selami bagaimana dentingan batil tembaga warisan, alunan serunai dan pemakaian topeng kayu berpadu menghidupkan pelbagai emosi dalam kisah-kisah rakyat seperti Awang Ada Duit Semua Jadi dan Awang Malim Awang Leman. Naskhah komprehensif ini tidak hanya mendokumentasikan alat muzik dan teknik penceritaan, tetapi turut memaparkan cabaran kelestariannya di tengah-tengah dunia yang semakin moden. Hayati denyut nadi kesenian yang kian terpinggir ini. Sebuah naskhah wajib miliki bagi pencinta seni, pengkaji budaya dan seluruh rakyat Malaysia bagi memastikan setiap dentingan batil dan tiupan serunai yang menyimpan suara bangsa ini kekal bergema dan tidak lapuk ditelan zaman.

Corporate Governance in Malaysia: Practices and Legal Framework provides a practical and insightful guide to understanding corporate governance in the Malaysian business environment. Drawing lessons from the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis and the evolution of the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG), this book highlights the importance of transparency, accountability and ethical leadership in today’s corporate world.

Ideal for students, academicians, corporate professionals, and business practitioners, this book bridges theory and real-world practice while offering valuable insights into Malaysia’s legal and governance framework. A must-read for anyone seeking to strengthen corporate integrity, enhance business sustainability and stay competitive in a rapidly evolving global market.

Buku Mengimbau Kembara Menggapai Ilmu menghimpunkan 35 catatan perjalanan seminar, lawatan dan pertemuan sastera yang dirakamkan sepanjang 14 tahun penglibatan penulis bersamaGAPENA, dari tahun 1997 hingga 2011. Bermula dengan peluang mengikuti seminar di luar negara,penulis kemudian merakamkan pelbagai pengalaman, pertemuan tokoh serta perkembangan dunia kesusasteraan Melayu di dalam dan luar negara, termasuk di Madagaskar, Kemboja dan Thailand. Ditulis pada zaman sebelum era digital, catatan ini disusun berasaskan rakaman kaset, nota dan dokumen peribadi, menjadikannya sebuah rekod berharga yang autentik dan sukar diperoleh. Buku ini bukan sahaja membawa pembaca menelusuri kembara sastera, malah membuka jendela kepada sejarah, budaya dan jaringan persuratan Melayu di peringkat antarabangsa.

Managerial accounting is a branch of accounting that is concerned with providing information to managers within an organization to help them make informed decisions. Students will be expose to the covers various topics, including cost behaviour, costvolume-profit analysis, budgeting, performance evaluation and decision-making. Overall, the book on managerial accounting is a comprehensive guide to the principles and practices of managerial accounting. It provides readers with the necessary knowledge and tools to effectively manage their organizations by making informed decisions based on financial information.

This book explores the growing influence of the role of social media in reshaping English Language Teaching and Learning (ELTL) across diverse educational contexts. With the rise of digital-native learners, social media platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, X Facebook and WhatsApp have transformed how English is taught and acquired across formal and informal settings. The chapter discusses the pedagogical potential and challenges of integrating these tools into English classrooms, supported by relevant theoretical perspectives and global case studies. Emphasis is placed on how social media fosters learner autonomy, communicative competence and engagement through multimodal, collaborative, and interactive learning environments. The chapter also offers practical pedagogical strategies for English educators and concludes by identifying future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.

In today’s competitive world, young entrepreneurs face unique challenges in building their businesses. Success requires more than business acumen; it demands an understanding of the behavioural dynamics driving decisions, relationships, and resilience. Behavioural Insights for Young Entrepreneurs: Unlocking the Path to Success highlights the often-overlooked human elements that shape entrepreneurial achievement, such as internal motivations, thought processes, and behaviours. This book bridges Organizational Behaviour (OB) theories with practical entrepreneurial strategies, offering a comprehensive framework for young entrepreneurs to refine their potential. Drawing from extensive research and real-world insights, it explores key behavioural drivers like personality traits, cultural influences, and motivational forces. These principles help readers align their personal growth with business objectives, fostering a success-oriented mindset. Recognizing the complexities of entrepreneurship, the book equips readers with tools to build resilience, overcome setbacks, and establish supportive networks. By addressing both theoretical foundations and actionable strategies, it empowers young entrepreneurs to confidently navigate challenges and embrace opportunities. Designed for aspiring entrepreneurs, students, and professionals, this book emphasizes self-awareness and behavioural optimization as critical tools for achieving success. By integrating OB insights with practical applications, it serves as a guide not only for launching ventures but also for cultivating long-term impact. Whether starting out or refining their approach, readers will gain valuable perspectives on leveraging their behavioural strengths to thrive in an increasingly dynamic environment. This book inspires young entrepreneurs to unlock their potential, navigate challenges, and create ventures that make a meaningful difference. It offers a fresh perspective on entrepreneurship, where understanding oneself is just as important as navigating the business landscape (260 words).

Buku ini memfokuskan kepada proses wilayah Brunei kepada Syarikat Borneo Utara British (SBUB) di pantai barat Borneo Utara (1877-1902). Penyerahan ini berlaku mengikut fasa penting seperti perjanjian konsesi yang diberikan oleh Sultan Abdul Momin Individu Eropah seperti Baron Von Overbeck & Alfred Dent pada tahun 1877-1878. Kedudukan SBUB semakin kukuh apabila bertapak di Borneo Utara yang mendorong mentadbir rasmi Borneo Utara. Buku ini juga melihat faktor kedatangan Kuasa Barat di Borneo Utara seperti Jerman, Belanda dan Sepanyol, fungsi pemimpin tempatan yang berlaku seperti Pengiran Abdul Rauf yang memimpin orang Bajau dan Dusun semasa berlaku peralihan kuasa. Selain itu, reaksi penduduk tempatan terhadap SBUB dan kesan landskap ekonomi, politik dan sosial di kawasan pantai barat Borneo Utara akan dianalisis. Buku ini menjelaskan bahawa peristiwa ini bukan sahaja mengubah struktur pentadbiran tempatan malahan meninggalkan kesan mendalam identiti dan sejarah masyarakat di Borneo Utara. Buku ini disarankan sebagai bahan bacaan dan rujukan bagi ahli akademik, para pelajar universiti, sekolah dan orang ramai yang berminat dengan sejarah negeri Sabah dan Brunei serta menyasarkan kepada jabatan-jabatan keraajaan seperti Jabatan Muzium Negara, persatuan sejarah dan badan-badan NGO yang berperanan dalam pembangunan sejarah dan warisan negeri Sabah dan Malaysia.

This book offers a comprehensive insight into electronic packaging development through Advanced Electronic Packaging: Fundamentals, Materials and Processing. It covers essential principles, materials, processing techniques, as well as current trends and future challenges in microelectronic technologies. Organized into ten chapters, it explores key topics such as material selection, thermal management, IC assembly, soldering technologies, electronic package design, MEMS, thin-film processing and reliability. Designed for students, researchers and industry professionals, this book serves as a valuable reference for understanding and developing efficient, durable, and high performance electronic packaging systems. With up-to-date insights and practical applications, it is an indispensable resource for anyone looking to stay ahead in the rapidly evolving electronics field. Whether for academic study or professional advancement, this book is a must-have addition to your collection.

In today's interconnected world, effectively managing human capital across borders is a core strategic function, not just an administrative task. This book serves as a definitive guide for aspiring and current global managers, offering a strategic framework for navigating the complex and dynamic field of International Human Resource Management (IHRM). The text begins by establishing a firm foundation, detailing the fundamental differences between IHRM and domestic HRM. It then analyses the powerful external forces shaping global business, from political and economic factors to the critical influence of culture. We delve into managing these cultural nuances by exploring key frameworks and their direct impact on every HR function, preparing you to lead with a global mindset. The book transitions into a comprehensive exploration of key IHRM functions, providing practical, step-by-step guidance. You'll learn to master global talent acquisition and workforce planning, with a specific focus on the unique challenges of expatriate management. We then examine how to design fair and effective international performance management and compensation systems, addressing the complexities of global pay equity and cross-cultural feedback. The final chapters look toward the future, addressing emerging trends like the rise of virtual teams, the strategic importance of diversity and inclusion and the ethical responsibilities of IHRM in a globalised world.By the conclusion of this book, you will possess the strategic insights and practical tools necessary to excel as a global manager and drive organisational success on an international scale.