In a world driven by rapid technological advancements and increasing productivity demands, the focus on worker welfare has never been more critical. This convergence underscores the importance of ergonomics—the study of interactions within working environments—to optimize human well-being and system performance. This book explores the evolving ergonomic challenges, particularly in healthcare, the role of ergonomics in education, and the transformative potential of technology like augmented reality. It delves into essential research methodologies, such as the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and motion capture, and highlights future research areas, aiming to transition ergonomic knowledge from theory to real-world applications, thereby enhancing both productivity and human welfare.